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Color

Page history last edited by Sam Webster 14 years, 4 months ago

The Film

     The first film was made with silver-halide salts that develop when they are exposed into metallic silver that block light. This allowed a spectrum of blacks and whites when light is let through the film completely or ranging down to not at all which would produce the blackest black. Things that block light getting to the camera will show as black. Color film uses dyes to absorb the silver-halide salts which then react to for different colors.

First Color

     The first color film was made in 1895 by Thomas Edison and was viewed on his kinetoscope. The film was called Annabelle's Dance and it was hand painted (1). These hand painted films were actually tediously painted with aniline dyes frame by frame. You can see the problems that this could produce. This technique was used in various forms for almost ten years. Some directors would have certain things colored in to make something stand out or just for a little variety in the scene. In

A representation of the layers within a piece of developed modern color 35 mm negative film. When developed, the dye couplers in the blue-, green-, and red-sensitive layers turn the exposed silver halide crystals to their complementary colors (yellow, magenta, and cyan). The film is made up of (A) Clear protective topcoat, (B) UV filter, (C) "Fast" blue layer, (D) "Slow" blue layer, (E) Yellow filter to cut all blue light from passing through to (F) "Fast" green layer, (G) "Slow" green layer, (H) Inter (subbing) layer, (I) "Fast" red layer, (J) "Slow" red layer, (K) Clear triacetate base, and (L) Antihalation (rem-jet) backing(1).

1905 Pathé Frères created the first commercially successful stencil machine for coloring film. It was called the Pathéchrome. It could have up to six colors. They would first make a stencil of the objects on the film that needed color. Then they would attach the stencil to the film and run it through the machine and it would paint the cut out sections with dye on velvet rollers. In 1910, a technique that became popular was film tinting. In film tinting, people would dye film some kind of color for certain narrative effects. For example they would use red for firelight and blue for night scenes.       

 

Modern Film

          Color film is made of multiple different colored layers called records. One red, one blue, and one green (1). Each record has two sections made up of the correct colored dye, and silver-halide salts. The picture on the left is a piece of developed negative colored film. Even with the multiple layers, they are all so thin that the entire piece of film is less than .0003 inches (1). When the silver-halide salts get exposed to the light, they react with the different colored dyes to form dye clouds that can be limited in their growth by different types of inhibitors. The primary colors actually develop their opposite colors. The back of the film is a black tinted film that stops light from coming back through the film and double exposing it. It is then removed in the development process (1).

 

Works Consulted

"Color motion picture film -.Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Web. 11        Nov.      2009. <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Color_motion_picture_film>.

 

http://www.wilhelm-research.com/pdf/HW_Book_10_of_20_HiRes_v1a.pdf

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